Kemper, Niklas, Tom Wollschläger, and Stephan Günnemann, What Expressivity Theory Misses: What Expressivity Theory Misses: Message Passing Complexity for GNNs, version 2, 22 October 2025, arXiv: 2509.01254 [cs.LG], pre-published.
web page · https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.01254